feat: 添加路由装饰器系统和全局异常处理

- 新增装饰器支持(@Get, @Post, @Put, @Delete, @Patch, @Controller)
- 实现路由自动注册机制(RouteScanner)
- 添加全局异常处理中间件(Exception)
- 实现统一响应体格式(ApiResponse)
- 新增请求体解析中间件(BodyParser)
- 重构控制器为类模式，支持装饰器路由
- 添加示例用户控制器(UserController)
- 更新TypeScript配置支持装饰器
- 添加reflect-metadata依赖
- 完善项目文档

Breaking Changes:
- 控制器现在返回数据而不是直接设置ctx.body
- 新增统一的API响应格式

apps/server/decorators/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+import 'reflect-metadata';
+
+/**
+ * 路由元数据键
+ */
+export const ROUTE_METADATA_KEY = Symbol('route');
+
+/**
+ * HTTP 方法类型
+ */
+export type HttpMethod = 'GET' | 'POST' | 'PUT' | 'DELETE' | 'PATCH';
+
+/**
+ * 路由元数据接口
+ */
+export interface RouteMetadata {
+  method: HttpMethod;
+  path: string;
+  propertyKey: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 创建HTTP方法装饰器的工厂函数
+ */
+function createMethodDecorator(method: HttpMethod) {
+  return function (path: string = '') {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string, descriptor: PropertyDescriptor) {
+      // 获取现有的路由元数据
+      const existingRoutes: RouteMetadata[] = (Reflect as any).getMetadata(ROUTE_METADATA_KEY, target.constructor) || [];
+
+      // 添加新的路由元数据
+      const newRoute: RouteMetadata = {
+        method,
+        path,
+        propertyKey
+      };
+
+      existingRoutes.push(newRoute);
+
+      // 保存路由元数据到类的构造函数上
+      (Reflect as any).defineMetadata(ROUTE_METADATA_KEY, existingRoutes, target.constructor);
+
+      return descriptor;
+    };
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * GET 请求装饰器
+ * @param path 路由路径
+ */
+export const Get = createMethodDecorator('GET');
+
+/**
+ * POST 请求装饰器
+ * @param path 路由路径
+ */
+export const Post = createMethodDecorator('POST');
+
+/**
+ * PUT 请求装饰器
+ * @param path 路由路径
+ */
+export const Put = createMethodDecorator('PUT');
+
+/**
+ * DELETE 请求装饰器
+ * @param path 路由路径
+ */
+export const Delete = createMethodDecorator('DELETE');
+
+/**
+ * PATCH 请求装饰器
+ * @param path 路由路径
+ */
+export const Patch = createMethodDecorator('PATCH');
+
+/**
+ * 控制器装饰器
+ * @param prefix 路由前缀
+ */
+export function Controller(prefix: string = '') {
+  return function <T extends { new (...args: any[]): {} }>(constructor: T) {
+    // 保存控制器前缀到元数据
+    (Reflect as any).defineMetadata('prefix', prefix, constructor);
+    return constructor;
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取控制器的路由元数据
+ */
+export function getRouteMetadata(constructor: any): RouteMetadata[] {
+  return (Reflect as any).getMetadata(ROUTE_METADATA_KEY, constructor) || [];
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取控制器的路由前缀
+ */
+export function getControllerPrefix(constructor: any): string {
+  return (Reflect as any).getMetadata('prefix', constructor) || '';
+}